Title : New table grapes varieties obtained in Spanish breeding program ITUM-IMIDA for the world
Abstract:
Murcia is the Spanish region that produces and exports the largest amount of table grapes with some European countries consuming a large proportion of the production. 30 years ago the vine growers of our region cultivated local varieties with seeds, then the varietal panorama was transformed with the foreign seedless varieties and since 2013 they are cultivating grapes obtained in our own IMIDA-ITUM breeding program. At present, the partner companies have seventeen new varieties at their disposal that stand out by their crisp texture, of which nine are white, six are red and two are black varieties, and they already cultivate an area that exceeds 900 hectares, equivalent to more than 15% of the regional land devoted to the cultivation of table grapes. A decade ago, we started a new line of work to obtain disease-tolerant varieties, the result of which is “Itumfifteen” and “Itumseventeen”, our registered varieties with genes for tolerance to powdery mildew. Growing them, producers will have less harvest losses and will also save in phytosanitary treatments, consumers will get grapes with less residues, and there will be a considerably smaller environmental impact, all of which aims at achieving a more sustainable type of agriculture. The development of the new varieties IMIDA-ITUM was initially produced to meet the needs of local farmers, but due to the interest shown by producers from the rest of the world, plant material has been sent to Chile, Peru, Argentina, Brazil, South Africa and Australia. We need to fine-tune the protocols for introducing plant material from field to in vitro culture of each variety, to make shipments to these countries, in line with the optimization of the in vitro rooting. The pre-selection assisted with molecular markers speeds up the first phase of the breeding program. The cultural techniques in seedless table grapes and management of PGR are tested and developed for each variety.
Take Away Notes:
• With the obtaining of new varieties that have genes of resistance diseases like powdery mildew and mildew, now the producers are focused on biological agriculture.
• The development of the in vitro culture tissues of grape seed sketches improves the results when we use cross seedless varieties, we break statistics.
• The pre-selection assisted with molecular markers speeds up the first phase of the breeding program.
• The cultural techniques in seedless table grapes and management of PGR are totally applicable in other parts of the world.
• Seedless, crunchy texture, extraordinary flavor and color, easy handling and very productive, are the basic characteristics of the grapes demanded by the market, the producer and mainly the consumer.
