Title : Phytochemical composition and antioxidant potential of Garcinia gummi-gutta seed and fruit rind: A comparative study
Abstract:
Garcinia gummi-gutta, commonly known as brindle berry, is widely recognized for its health benefits, particularly in weight management and metabolic health. While extensive research has focused on the fruit rind, the seeds of Garcinia gummi-gutta have recently gained attention for their potential as a source of bioactive compounds with medicinal properties. This study investigates the phytochemical composition and antioxidant activities of ethanolic extracts from the seed and fruit rind of Garcinia gummi-gutta, a plant known for its bioactive properties. Quantitative analysis revealed significant differences in the chemical profiles of the two extracts. The seed extract demonstrated a higher total phenolic content (12.36 mg GAE/g dry weight) and flavonoid content (4.56 mg QE/g dry weight) compared to the fruit rind extract, which recorded 6.13 mg GAE/g and 1.05 mg QE/g, respectively. Similarly, the total saponin content was greater in the seed extract (0.230 mg/mL) than in the fruit rind extract (0.129 mg/mL). The antioxidant potential of the extracts was assessed using DPPH, ABTS, and Reducing Power assays. The seed extract exhibited a stronger radical scavenging activity, as evidenced by a lower IC50 value (55.69 µg/mL) in the DPPH assay compared to the fruit rind extract (112.38 µg/mL). This trend was consistent in the ABTS assay, where the seed extract had an IC50 value of 77.75 µg/mL, outperforming the fruit rind extract (87.74 µg/mL). The Reducing Power assay indicated that while both extracts demonstrated increasing activity with concentration, the seed extract achieved the benchmark absorbance of 0.5 nm at 550.11 µg/mL, surpassing the fruit rind extract, which required 818.8 µg/mL. These findings underscore the superior antioxidant potential of the seed extract, attributable to its higher phenolic, flavonoid, and saponin contents. While the fruit rind has traditionally been more valued for its therapeutic applications, this study highlights the seed as an underutilized yet potent source of bioactive compounds. This comparative analysis provides a foundation for further exploration of Garcinia gummi-gutta extracts in health and wellness formulations. The future. Future research in anti-obesity studies could focus on harnessing the bioactive potential of Garcinia gummi-gutta seed extracts, leveraging their superior antioxidant properties and rich phytochemical profile to develop innovative, natural therapeutic nano formulations targeting weight management and metabolic health.
Key Words: Garcinia gummi-gutta, Phytochemical Analysis, Antioxidant aActivity, Health and Wellness Formulations
