Title : In vitro propagation of grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) cultivar Sveni by direct organogenesis
Abstract:
The research was conducted at the Scientific Center of Agrobiotechnology of the National Agrarian University of Armenia. The objective of this research was to elaborate the protocol for the mass multiplication of the grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) rare cultivar ´Sveni´. It is distributed on single vines inside the old vineyards of the Goris region of RA and is used both fresh and for making wine. The plant materials for this research were collected from the Armenian National Filed Collection of Grapevines. Although propagation by stem cuttings is a common method, it does not guarantee the production of high-quality planting material. Tissue culture is the only method for quickly and reliably obtaining healthy (virus-free) planting material. The introduction of grapevine cultivars into in vitro was undertaken during the period of active shoot growth in the first decade of May. The most effective option for sterilizing explants was 70% (v/v) ethanol for 30 sec + 3.0% (v/v) H2O2 for 1.0 minutes + 2.0% (w/v) Ca (OCl)2 for 10 minutes. The use of this combination of sterilizants resulted in an 86.0% survival rate for explants. MS medium with the addition of 0.5 mg/L BAP, 0.5 mg/L Kin, and 0.8 mg/L GA3 was chosen as the best for direct shoot organogenesis. MS/2 medium supplemented with 0.8 mg/l IBA and 0.2 mg/l IAA was more effective for the rooting of micro-shoots in vitro (90.6%). The best soil medium for hardening in vitro plantlets consisted of perlite (2 parts), soil (1 part), and biohumus (1 part), which resulted in the survival of 83.3% of plantlets, but in the mini-aeroponic system, plant adaptation was more efficient and plant survival reached 100%. The described protocol can be used not only for the large propagation of this rare cultivar but also to conserve healthy plant material in vitro.
