Title : Mitigation of abiotic stresses by using phyto-microbiome
Abstract:
Nowadays crops are exposed to various abiotic stresses like drought, salinity, high and low temperatures, metal toxicities, ultraviolet rays, flooding, and nutrient deficiencies, which significantly reduce agricultural productivity and soil health. Extreme climate change is one of the main factors to increase abiotic stresses on crops which causes heavy loss of crops worldwide and affects plant biological mechanisms. This leads to a substantial threat to global agriculture and food security. Plant-associated various types of microorganisms include bacteria, archaebacteria, fungi, and viruses, which have ecological relationships with host plants. It improves economical and eco-friendly plant growth and health. The beneficial microorganisms include Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPRs), Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMFs), and Endophytes promote plant growth and alleviate abiotic stresses. Plant microbes increase plant growth, and act as biological control to protect from plant pathogens. Certain microbial communities including Bacillus and Pseudomonas species improve saline and drought stress tolerance. However recent agriculture practices like chemical fertilizers and pesticide usage decrease beneficial microbial health. In this view, it is important to identify the plant microbiome's role in sustainable agriculture production and to identify how to alleviate abiotic stresses and inhabit plant pathogens mechanisms. The selected microbe’s cross tolerance towards biotic and abiotic stresses provided new insights on tolerance mechanism in crops.
