Abstract
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The crop proteome remains largely under-characterized. Herein, we performed mass spectrometry-based quantitative analysis of proteins across 14 distinct organs of rice and soybean, respectively quantifying 15,174 and 12,855 proteins, and thus constructed the most comprehensive rice and soybean proteome dataset reported to date. Analyses of organ-specific protein expression and co-expression profiles revealed pronounced functional specificity, coupled with marked discrepancies in protein-transcript abundance across different organs.
We further mapped N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modifications and validated their pivotal role in the post-transcriptional regulation of protein expression. Through integrative analyses of proteomic and m6A methylomic data, we identified a novel regulator of m6A methylation. Collectively, this comprehensive proteomic and m6A landscape not only advances our mechanistic understanding of rice and soybean biology but also provides a valuable resource for accelerating crop genetic improvement.
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