Moso bamboo is a large, woody bamboo with the highest ecological, economic and culturalvalue of all the bamboo types and accounts for up to 70% of the total area of bamboo grown. However, the spatiotemporal variation role of moso bamboo shoot during growth period is still unclear [....] » Read More
Plant viruses are the most harmful pathogens causing the most economically damages and harmful product loses in many plant species. Because of xylem and phloem vessels absence, plant meristem tissues used for meristem cultures are virus-free, but sometimes only meristem cultures [....] » Read More
Isoprenoids, the largest and most varied class of plant secondary metabolites, are synthesized either via mevalonic acid pathway (MVA) or the methyl erythritol pathway (MEP) to help the plants to avoid or adapt to unfavorable environmental conditions. The 3-hydroxy-3-methylg [....] » Read More
Cytokinins are small molecule plant hormones that control every aspect of plant growth and development. Their function in mediating plant susceptibility to plant pathogens is well known. We studied the contrary and found that the interaction between cytokinins and salicylic acid [....] » Read More
Commercial cultivars Arugula Eruca sativa and lettuce Lactuca sativa (Canasta) were grown in aeroponics systems in tropical Singapore with root zone temperature (RZT) kept constantly chilled at 25°C. At 30 days after transplantation (DAT) leaf discs excise [....] » Read More
The wild boar is an omnivorous animal, and by foraging (rooting) disturbs the topsoil layer. In some regions of Poland and Europe seasonal fluctuations in rooting have been observed. Wild boars not only eat plants but also strongly modify their habitat. In Bia?owie?a Forest wild [....] » Read More
A fruit tree breeding program requires heritable variation at both, the rootstock and the scion level, upon which selection can act. Avocado trees (Persea americana) originated in the neotropics and do not exhibit the characteristic genetic bottleneck of many other crops. The inc [....] » Read More
Diversity and association genetics studies lead to manipulate a large number of individual, lines, clones and/or populations. Moreover, emergence of high-throughput technologies for both genotyping and phenotyping generates a large amount of data. These data need to be stored and [....] » Read More
Mesembryanthemum crystallinum (common name: ice plant) is a succulent plant native to South Africa. It has high nutritional values and has been successfully grown in the greenhouse in Japan and Taiwan undercooling temperature. Recently we have also grown this plant successfu [....] » Read More
There are many thousands of proteins in a plant cell. The subcellular locations of proteins determine where the proteins play their biological roles. Prediction and curation of protein subcellular locations are essential for protein functional annotation. We evaluated a number of [....] » Read More
Boron concentrations of dicotyledonous plants are several orders of magnitude higher than those of monocotyledonous plants. A study was taken to investigate the effect of different levels of boron application contributing to sunflower yield and oil production. This expe [....] » Read More
Biotechnology provides indispensable tools for plant protection. Plant cell cultures, in vitro selection for resistance, embryo rescue, protoplast fusion, double haploids and other techniques have advanced resistance breeding long before genetic engineering became feasible in cro [....] » Read More
At the very basis of cellular structure and function lie networks of short- and long-term molecular interactions. My research team develops interactomic tools for plants and runs a state of the art AP-MS platform for protein complex isolation. Through its high specificity and exp [....] » Read More
Understanding how local intra-cellular biochemical exchange processes and global features, like environment and system size, influence the robustness, adaptability and evolution of the collective behavior of multi-cell systems is one of the most challenging topics in the biology [....] » Read More
High nutrient influxes through regional river systems strongly affect the algal populations in the heavily populated Sunderbans brackish-water ecozone. Twelve brackish-water sites in the Indian Sunderbans were surveyed for growth and carbon (C) sequestration performances of algal [....] » Read More
Ginkgo biloba L. (English name- Maidenhair tree), often referred to as the "living fossil", is the only living member of the family Ginkgoaceae. While the species has been interesting from its evolutionary viewpoint, it is also well known for its sturdiness, diseas [....] » Read More
Chloroplasts are the most important small organ of plants, play an essential role in adapting to environmental stress as well as plant growth and development. The expression of chloroplast gene is influenced by development and environmental factors after RNA metabolism in chlorop [....] » Read More
Rice (Oryza sativa L.), a staple food for more than half of the global population; being as a paddy crop is particularly susceptible to water stress which reduces its yield drastically. Thus, developing strategies which would help in developing rice variety that can grow eve [....] » Read More
Rice hull, consisted of lemma and palea, is an important organ that helps protect seeds, determines seed shape, and ensures grain filling. We identified the split-hull (sph) mutant in rice through chemical mutagenesis, which exhibits hull-splitting in the interlocking p [....] » Read More
Prevalence of aluminium and ferric cations limits the mobilization of phosphorus (P) in the acidic Oxisol of eastern India. Maize (Zea mays) is cultivable in this region due to its symbiotic association with arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi, which facilitate P uptake by increase [....] » Read More
Abiotic stresses are major limiting factors for crop growth and productivity. Plants show various adaptations to overcome or avoid abiotic stresses. Rare cold inducible 2 (RCI2) proteins are localized at the plasma membrane (PM) and are significantly induced by cold, salt, and dr [....] » Read More
Sweet cherries Prunus avium from Rosaceae family are non-climacteric stone fruit, mainly grown in colder temperate climate countries. Lower temperatures (usually below 8 °C) are necessary to provide chilling requirement for induction of flowers. Sweet cher [....] » Read More
Widespread, including in Crimea, hypersaline water bodies are among the most polyextreme habitats on the planet. To live in polyextreme environment, organisms has led to the development of a variety of adaptive mechanisms with a synthesis of unique secondary metabolites. This pro [....] » Read More
For advanced plant, germination is start point for growth and development, where life activity is most intense. Changing law in germination will contribute to controlling the processing. Moso bamboo is a large, woody bamboo with the highest ecological, economic and cultural value [....] » Read More
Detection of alleles of E genes, that are involved in the control of plant response to photoperiod and determination the time to flowering and maturation, with SSR markers could help in the evaluation of adaptive capacity of soybean cultivars in different growth conditi [....] » Read More
Based on the experiments performed on the AtHMA4 – expressing tobacco plants (AtHMA4 encodes protein that exports Zn to the apoplast), it was proposed that apoplast may be regarded as a site of perception of the Zn status in cells. It was presumed that the ap [....] » Read More
Synchytrium endobioticum (Shilb.) Perc. is an obligate biotrophic, soil-borne fungus which causes the potato wart disease. S. endobioticum originated from Andean zone in South America and is currently present almost all over the world. The thick-walled winter spora [....] » Read More
Due to the growing interest in Central and Eastern Europe on the cropping of wheat in optional late autumn terms, called facultative, genetic research and field evaluation were taken on four spring cultivars: Tybalt(NL), Monsun (DE), Ostka Smolicka (PL) and Bombona (PL), currentl [....] » Read More
To protect themselves from herbivory, plants have evolved an arsenal of physical and chemical defences and release a variety of volatile organic compounds (VOCs). By releasing these VOCs, a signalling plant can both reduce herbivory, sometimes by more than 90%, and also warn neig [....] » Read More
Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is a valuable food crop with great importance in ensuring food security worldwide. One of the most acute problems of modern agriculture and food industry is the loss of potato tubers (about 40-60% of the total harvest) during storage from diseases. R [....] » Read More
Weeds are significant constraints getting high yields of crop plants on arable land. We investigated if exhaust gas from a combine harvester could be used to kill or harm weed seeds. Centaurea cyanus L. was chosen as a model plant because it has a high germination perce [....] » Read More
Plants are constantly exposed to a variety of pathogenic microbes and pests. Thus, plants have developed diverse mechanisms to fine-tune defense responses to different types of enemies. Cross-regulation between these signaling pathways may allow the plant to prioritize one respon [....] » Read More
Bromus hordeaceus ssp. hordeaceus L. is native to Eurasia, where it is most common in the Mediterranean region. It has naturalized in all other continents except Antarctica. It is annual or biennial. The culms are erect or rarely ascending from a decumbent base and [....] » Read More
Relevance of carrying out researches on selection of tropical culture – (Sesamum indicum L.) is caused by warming of climate in general and in Pridnestrovie, in particular, and also wide use of seeds in the food industry and sesame absence in the variety register allowed to [....] » Read More
Relevance of carrying out researches on selection of tropical culture – (Sesamum indicum L.) is caused by warming of climate in general and in Pridnestrovie, in particular, and also wide use of seeds in the food industry and sesame absence in the variety register allowed to [....] » Read More
Radiation induced non-targeted effects, which include bystander effects and adaptive effects, have been extensively studied using cell system, multicellular tissues in vitro as well as whole organism in vivo, our aims were to investigate the radiation induced non-targeted effects [....] » Read More
Oil palm is the primary industry leader amongst crop commodities in Malaysia. However, despite the rapid growth of the industry, oil palm remains prone to threats by a variety of pests such as insects, vertebrates and plant diseases. Basal stem rot (BSR), caused by Ganoderma spp. [....] » Read More
Traditionally, clonal micropropagation of fruit crops is implemented in 5 stages: introduction to culture, bud proliferation, elongation of shoots, rooting of micrografts, and adaptation of microplants to non-sterile conditions. Many attempts have been made to modernize this well [....] » Read More
Black rice (Oryza sativa L.’Cempo Ireng’) is getting popular because of its low glychemic index and anthocyanin content that can functions as an antioxidant. Paclobutrazol is a growth retardant that reduce the plant height but increased assimilate allocation to the si [....] » Read More
Diatoms are unicellular photosynthesizing algae having unique shells made up of siliceous materials covering the cell, called “Frustule”. Chemically the frustules are inert being made up of silicon dioxide–mainly nanopatterned silica acting as nanofabrication fa [....] » Read More
Artemisinin, an endoperoxide-containing sesquiterpene lactone isolated from Artemisia annua L., is extensively used in treating malaria. The artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACT) is recommended by World Health Organization (WHO) to combat the drug-resistant malari [....] » Read More
Biogenic production of gold, silver and some other metal nanoparticles have been extensively explored using algae and cyanobacteria. However, these photosynthetic organisms have been less investigated for their nano iron biofabricating potency. Selected strains Leptolyngbya [....] » Read More
Use of plant growth regulators has become a very common practice for the grape growers of India for achieving high-quality export grape production. To increase export quality grape production proper management of nutrients, canopy and judicious use of plant growth regulators (PGR [....] » Read More
Tannery wastewater carries heavy pollution load due to high organic and inorganic contents, highly colored compounds and toxic metallic substances. Characterization of this water from inlet point showed high level of BOD (1234.33 mg/L), COD (1706.64 mg/L), Total Chromium (56.85 m [....] » Read More
UV-B is the primary environmental factor in tropical region to stimulate growth, development and induction of secondary pigment synthesis in medicinal plants. The studies on UV- in medicinal plants are very less particularly with respect of UVB induced bioactive compound in plant [....] » Read More
The ‘Phytoplanktons’, floating or drifting organisms of plant origin, constitute the basis of nutrient cycle of aquatic ecosystem. Being primary producers they play an important role in maintaining the equilibrium between living organisms and environmental variables. [....] » Read More
Microalgae are most primitive oxygen evolving photosynthetic organisms appeared 3.2 billion years ago growing in almost all environmental conditions. They are with simplest morphology, without having root, stems or leaves and having naked reproductive structures ranging from unic [....] » Read More
An experiment entitled, “Studies on effect of herbal extract Samved Fugall (CO2) absorbent on Cotton.” cv. Bunny Bt BG II at Agricultural Research Station, Dharwad, Karnataka, India was carried out with objectives to study the effect of Samved Fugall on growth, yield [....] » Read More
Background: Burkholderia andropogonis is the causal agent of bacterial leaf stripe, one of the three major bacterial diseases affecting Sorghum bicolor. However, the biochemical aspects of the pathophysiological host responses are not well understood. An untargeted [....] » Read More
Renewable energy and bioeconomy targets are set to increase market demand for lignocellulosic biomass in Europe. Different environments and end uses, i.e. combustion vs. conversion to liquid fuel, will require the introduction of much more diverse energy crop varieties. [....] » Read More
Microbial metabolites and plant exudates are the main regulatory mechanisms of the relationship between agricultural plants and the community of soil microorganisms. The presentation of the report will present experimental materials on the content of bacteria with probiotic prope [....] » Read More
Toxicities of Al, Mn and Fe in acidic soils (40% of global arable land) are major constraints to growing intolerant crops. The transiently induced high-to-toxic concentrations of Al, Mn and Fe under reduced soil conditions during wet season (waterlogging) hinder root growth, dela [....] » Read More
Fibrillarin known as a RNA methyl transferase that has recently been shown to also methylate Histone H2A. Besides the escential role in the cell, Fibrillarin is also highjack by several virus and it is required for their progression through the floem. Becourse of their relevance [....] » Read More
Demographic prediction is that by 2050, nine billion people will inhabit this planet and there is an urgent need to plan for food security. Since the beginning of the 20th century, various tools have been introduced to increase agricultural productivity. Innovations in biotechnol [....] » Read More
Murcia is the Spanish region that produces and exports the largest amount of table grapes with some European countries consuming a large proportion of the production. 30 years ago the vine growers of our region cultivated local varieties with seeds, then the varietal panorama was [....] » Read More
Omics sciences represent new disciplines for comprehensive studies of an organism at various molecular levels, and these newly developing omics technologies primarily focus analysis of DNA, mRNA, proteins and metabolites in individuals of life. Thus, the omics sciences have [....] » Read More
Title : New table grapes varieties obtained in Spanish breeding program ITUM-IMIDA for the world
Manuel Tornel Martinez, Instituto Murciano de Investigación y Desarrollo Agrario y Alimentario, Spain
Murcia is the Spanish region that produces and exports the largest amount of table grapes with some European countries consuming a large proportion of the production. 30 years ago the vine growers of our region cultivated local varieties with seeds, then the varietal panorama was [....] » Read More
Title : Two mechanisms of lincosamide tolerance function as nuclear and plastid markers in higher plants Massimo Bosacchi
Massimo Bosacchi, KWS Gateway Research Center, United States
Lincosamide antibiotics inhibit the regeneration of plants in tissue culture. Resistance to lincosamides can be conferred by a mutation that modifies the ribosomal target site in the plastid genome, or by a transgene that encodes detoxification activity. We exploited [....] » Read More
Title : Rice genome editing: a contribution to climate change mitigation and achievement of food security in Costa Rica Marta Valdez-Melara
Marta Valdez Melara, The University of Costa Rica, Costa Rica, United States
Abiotic factors, such as drought, salinity, and high temperatures are limiting agricultural production. Also, under the pressure of rapid population growth, climate change and evolution of agricultural pests and diseases, new genome-editing technologies are the next green revolut [....] » Read More
Title : Cultivation, Market and Uses of Nepal’s Medicinal and Aromatic Plants: Reflections on Local and National Policy
Joel T Heinen, Florida International University, United States
Nepal is a least-developed land-locked country with spectacular scenery and very high species diversity of many taxonomic groups. It is a center of adaptive radiation for many animal and plant families. The country boasts over 2,500 species of non-timber forest produc [....] » Read More
Title : Glomalin content of soil in relation to soil organic carbon under long term fertilizer studies in finger millet – maize cropping system
Basavaraja P K, University of Agricultural Sciences, India
An experiment conducted in an ongoing Long Term Fertilizer Experiment at Zonal Agricultural Research Station, UAS, GKVK, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India to study the dynamics of soil organic carbon and glomalin content of soil under finger millet-maize cropping system. Glom [....] » Read More
Title : Trichome formation and insect tolerance in tomato
Wei Deng, Chongqing University, India
Tomato trichomes, with unicellular and multicellular types, function as mechanical and chemical barrier against pests. Knock-down and over-expressed lines of SlARF4 were obtained to study the function in trichome formation in tomato. SlARF4-up-regulated plants exhi [....] » Read More
Title : Population status, soil properties and microbial colonization in Himalayan Silver Birch (Betula utilis D. Don)
Khashti Dasila, G.B. Pant National Institute of Himalayan Environment and Sustainable Development, India
The Himalayan silver birch (Betula utilis D. Don), commonly known as bhojpatra, is a multipurpose and broadleaved deciduous tree. It grows up to 4500 m asl and represents one of the dominant species of the tree line in Indian Himalayan region (IHR). It often grows in associa [....] » Read More
Title : Qualitative analysis and anti-bacterial investigation of Plumbago zeylanica
Arpita Roy, Delhi Technological University, India
Plumbago zeylanica commonly known as ‘Chitrak’ is a medicinal plant which contains a wide range of phytocompounds like flavonoids, alkaloids, napthoquinones, saponins, steroids, tannins, tri-terpenoids, etc. Utilization of in-vitro culture has an a [....] » Read More
Title : Evolutionary epigenomics of mangroves reveals the homeostatic role of gene body methylation in stress adaptation
Tian Tang, Sun Yat-sen University, China
DNA methylation plays an important role in plant stress responses whereas little is known about its role in long-term stress adaptation. In this study, we used mangroves well-adapted to tropical intertidal environments as a model system to understand the role of gene body methyla [....] » Read More
Title : Precision Nitrogen Management Through Crop Sensors on Growth and Yield of Aerobic Rice (Oryza sativa L.)
Mudalagiriyappa, University of Agricultural Sciences, India
Aerobic rice is grown in well drained, non-puddled and non-saturated soils just like wheat and maize. Experimental results showed that water requirement of aerobic rice was 30 – 50 % less than flooded system which yields almost same as obtained in case of transplanted rice. [....] » Read More
Title : Towards C4 rice; Overexpression of C4 genes in Arabidopsis thaliana and Oryza sativa Enhances Photosynthesis, Plant Productivity and Water Use Efficiency
B C Tripathy, School of Life Sciences, India
Plants with C4 photosynthesis are not only efficient in carbon assimilation, but they also have an advantage under unusual growth conditions. In C4 photosynthesis, the primary CO2 fixation is catalyzed by phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PEPC). It is shown that overexpressio [....] » Read More
Title : Massive Growth of Super Dwarf Rice Plant in A Fully Closed Type Plant Factory for Poly Lactic Acid Production
Haruhiko Murase, Osaka Prefecture University, Japan
A natural strain of dwarf rice (Oriza rufipogon G. subsp. nunus, M. N.) is discovered. It is just ordinary rice except its plant length. The length of the rice plant is about 20 cm. Since the size of the discovered rice plant is so small, those conventional m [....] » Read More
Title : In vitro multiplication of plum cultivars (Prunus domestica L.)
Jiri Sedlak, Research and Breeding Institute of Pomology Holovousy Ltd, Czech Republic
In 2016, a project has been started to preserve the diversity of older plum cultivars grown on the territory of the Czech Republic. The purpose of this study was to develop an efficient in vitro system for rapid propagation of plum explants as an initial plant material for sanita [....] » Read More
Title : LED technological possibilities: tool for management of metabolic changes in microgreens
Giedre Samuoliene, Giedre Samuoliene-Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, Lithuania
Owing to high nutritional value and improved bioavailability of essential elements, microgreens are promising targets for nutrient enrichment using technological aspects of light-emitting diodes. This study determines changes in metabolism of certain prebiotic carbohydrate (hexos [....] » Read More
Title : Regeneration strategies in native woody species from disturbed South American dry tropical forests: the of aerial bud bank and soil seed bank
Sandra Josefina Bravo, National University of Santiago del Estero, Argentina
The resilience of dry tropical forests is one of most central goal for scientists, environmental managers and politicians in South American countries due to the climate and land-use changes and to the great human population living to expenses forest resource at these latitudes. S [....] » Read More
Title : Green algae Cladophora in the Crimean hypersaline waters as an ecosystem engineer and valuable resource
Nickolai Shadrin, Kovalevsky Institute of Marine Biological Research, Russian Federation
Hypersaline waters are among the most extreme habitats on Earth. To exist in such harsh environment organisms must develop different adaptations including biochemical. Due to this they have unique components in biomass. Cladophora spp. may reach high biomass and play a [....] » Read More
Title : Plants and radionuclides: from hazard to biotechnology
Pierre Chagvardieff, CEA, France
Plant nutrition takes off various minerals from the soils; these minerals are necessary to growth but in some cases these minerals are radioisotopes of essential elements but may be also exotic elements derived from industrial activities. The biological responses of plants to rad [....] » Read More
Title : Plant proteomic responses to signal compounds lipo-chito-oligosaccharide and thuricin Sowmyalakshmi Subramanian
Sowmyalakshmi Subramanian, McGill University, Canada
Lipo-chitooligosaccharides (LCO) and thuricin 17 (Th17) are bacterial signal compounds secreted by the rhizosphere bacteria of soybean, Bradyrhizobium japonicum 532C and Bacillus thuringiensis NEB17. At femtomolar concentrations these signal compounds promote [....] » Read More
Title : Vertically and horizontally transmitted genetic information in plant::Plant and plant::Microbe interactions
Jeff Bennetzen, University of Georgia, United States
Plants are inundated by seas of microbes in every tissue, in every environment and at every stage of development. Some of these microbes cause disease, while a few are known to enhance plant performance by preventing disease or by improving nutrient acquisition. Perhaps because t [....] » Read More
Title : Improving Identification of Plant Pathogens by Molecular Analysis
Mohammad Babadoost, University of Illinois, United States
Using molecular analysis has helped to accurate identify plant pathogens and determining variation among their isolates. We have used molecular methods to identify species and variations among their isolates of pathogens causing cucurbit powdery mildew, Phytophthora blight of pep [....] » Read More
Title : Cullin 3 Plant E3 Ligases: A perspective on improving agricultural traits by controlling protein stability
Hanjo Hellmann, Washington State University, United States
Plant development depends on a complex and flexible regulatory network that integrates environmental cues with specific developmental programs. A mechanism that provides plants with the ability to quickly and precisely respond is given by the ubiquitin proteasome pathway. Within [....] » Read More