Plant Genetics and Genomics

Plant genetics is the study of heredity in plants, specifically the mechanisms of hereditary transmission and the variation of inherited traits. Plant genetics differs from animal genetics in several ways: somatic mutations can contribute to the germ line more easily since flowers emerge at the end of somatic cell-based branches; polyploidy is more common; and plants also have chloroplast DNA.

Genome size, gene content, the extent of repetitive sequences, and polyploidy/duplication events are the best ways to define plant genomes. It strives to sequence, characterise, and investigate a full plant genome's genetic compositions, structures, organisations, functions, and interactions/networks. Plants have mitochondrial and chloroplast genomes as well, but their nuclear genome is the largest and most complicated. Plant Genomics is Critical for Food Security, Human Health, and Environmental Sustainability