Irrigation

Irrigation is a critical component of farming, horticulture and landscape management. It is the artificial application of water to land or soil in order to help plants grow. Without adequate water, crop yields may be significantly reduced and crop quality may suffer. Irrigation can also help to protect against drought and reduce the risk of crop failure due to insufficient rainfall. There are a number of different types of irrigation systems available, each of which is suited to different soils, climates and applications. Surface irrigation is the most common form of irrigation, and involves water being applied over the surface of the soil. Drip irrigation and sprinkler irrigation systems are also popular, and are used in many agricultural and horticultural applications. In addition, sub-irrigation systems, such as subsurface drip and sub-surface sprinkler systems, are also available. Irrigation is generally seen as a cost-effective way of ensuring sustainable crop production. It is also an important element in conservation, as it can reduce the risk of soil erosion, soil salinity and water wastage.